Precision machining

More precision machining can be divided into cutting tool machining, abrasive machining, special and complex processing four categories. With the development of processing technology, the appearance of many new processing mechanism, so in precision machining, especially in micro machining. According to the component forming mechanism and characteristics. Divided into removal machining, combined and deformation processing three categories. Remove machining is also known as separation, is the use of force, heat, electricity, light from the workpiece processing methods, such as removing part of the material, such as cutting, grinding, machining, etc. Processing is the use of physical and chemical method on the workpiece surface adhesion ( Deposit) , injection ( Infiltration) A layer of different materials, welding, such as electroplating, vapor deposition, oxidation, carburization, bonding, welding, etc. Deformation processing is the use of force, heat, molecular motion of means to make the workpiece deformation, change the size, shape and performance, such as casting, forging, etc. Visible processing has transcended the removal of traditional processing method, the concept of accumulation, growth and deformation characteristics, at the same time stressed the surface treatment, the formed surface processing technology. Precision machinery ( Cutting) Processing compared with chipless process, machining first is that the advantages of both high material removal rate, and has a good economy. For example, compared with the laser plasma processing technology so namely; This is because the technology currently only supply a lot of energy to achieve higher material removal rate; On the other hand, the size and the shape of the workpieces can achieve accuracy remaining problems. A chipless pressure processing is mainly used in mass production, often need to order after machining, in order to obtain the final qualified workpiece shape. Therefore machinery ( Cutting) The main advantage is can make workpieces to achieve high precision. Precision machining is used widely, especially with small batch production trend of tendon, the workpiece shape and dimension precision demand is higher and higher, for machining opened up a new and more widely. Use natural want to undertake a variety of turning lathe processing, but also should pay attention to, drilling, milling, grinding and gear cutting process can be concentrated on a lathe, Process integration) Trend, which is now developed car milling machining center of compound machine tool processing method. Precision machining technology is difficult, many influence factors, involve wide, investment intensity, the individuality of products, its main content has the following five aspects: 1. 1 processing mechanism. In addition to the traditional processing method of motors, non-traditional machining ( Special processing) The method has developed rapidly. At present, the traditional processing methods mainly include diamond tool closely just, plate of corundum powder grinding wheel of precision grinding, precision high speed cutting and precision abrasive belt grinding, etc. ; Non-traditional machining methods mainly include electron beam and ion beam, laser beam of high energy beam machining, electric spark, electrochemical machining, lithography ( Etching) And so on. And appeared with composite processing mechanism of electrolytic grinding, polishing, grinding, magnetic magnetic ultrasonic honing and other composite processing method. Processing mechanism research is the basic theory of precision and ultra-precision processing and the growing point of the new technology. 1. 2 materials processed. Precision machining of the processed materials in chemical composition, physical and mechanical properties, chemical properties, have strict requirements on the processing performance should be homogeneous structure, stable performance, internal no external macro and micro defects. Meet the performance requirements of the processed material can obtain the precision machining expected effect. 1. 3 processing equipment and process equipment. Precision machining high precision, high rigidity, high stability and automation of machine tools, diamond tool, cubic boron nitride cutting tools, diamond grinding wheel, cubic nitride borax wheel, and the corresponding fixture process equipment such as high precision, high stiffness, can ensure the quality of machining. 1. 4 test. Precision machining must have the corresponding testing technology, thus forming the integration of processing and testing. For the detection of precision machining has three ways: offline detection, in testing and on-line detection. 1. 5 work environment. Precision machining requirements in certain conditions, to reach the technical parameters on the accuracy and surface quality. Work environment mainly include the conditions of temperature, humidity, meet the requirements of the purification, antivibration, sometimes there are noise, light, the special requirements of static electricity, electromagnetic, radiation, etc.
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